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br Discussion In response to an
2022-01-14

Discussion In response to an increase in glucose or DHA concentration, FBPase showed nuclear import and recruitment in a peripheral cell compartment. Interestingly, FBPase and GS were co-recruited to the periphery of the cells. This is precisely the site where glycogen is initially synthesized an
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Several classes of small molecule inhibitors of
2022-01-14

Several Lonidamine of small-molecule inhibitors of FBPase have been reported. These inhibitors can be structurally classified into two groups; non-phosphorus-based inhibitors and phosphorus-based inhibitors. In the former group, several chemotypes including anilinoquinazoline, indole dicarboxylic a
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In summary we propose a
2022-01-14

In summary, we propose a model that explains the possible mechanism the HULC mediates activation of HBV in liver cancer Tedizolid HCl (Fig. 8). In the model, HULC promotes the expression of miR-539 by stimulating HBx-co-activated STAT3. Then, miR-539 down-regulates APOBEC3B, leading to an increase
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br METHODS br RESULTS br Discussion Numerous studies have pr
2022-01-14

METHODS RESULTS Discussion Numerous studies have proposed various hypotheses and models to explain how neuroinflammation could contribute to the chronic fatigue, postexertional fatigue, and cognitive deficits observed in patients with ME/CFS.12, 13, 14, 15 Although neuroimaging studies have
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br Surrogate ligands for GPR
2022-01-14

Surrogate ligands for GPR35 Although identification of endogenously produced chemicals with agonist action at GPR35 is of considerable importance, the ligands described above are far from ideal to probe the roles of GPR35. Surrogate ligands are therefore required. Until recently, the key GPR35 ag
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It is well known that O tetradecanoylphorbol acetate TPA
2022-01-14

It is well known that 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a tumor promoting agent of skin carcinogenesis in rodents [12]. TPA stimulates a variety of cellular functions in cancer cells, including cell motile activity [13], [14]. In our recent study, when liver epithelial cells were treated
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As discussed above both endogenous
2022-01-14

As discussed above, both endogenous and exogenous lesions can lead to adverse health effects [43]. Damaged nucleobases can block DNA replication which is often lethal to cells [44]. The effectiveness of DNA restoration by DNA glycosylases should be closely monitored to gain an insight of the functio
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br Conflict of interest br Funding br Acknowledgements br In
2022-01-14

Conflict of interest Funding Acknowledgements Introduction to SLC6 transporters The solute carrier (SLC) 6 family of membrane proteins perform the Na+-coupled symport of amino acids and amino natural aromatase inhibitors derivatives into cells throughout the body. Disrupting neurotransmi
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br Redox regulation in the brain Reactive oxygen
2022-01-14

Redox regulation in the brain Reactive oxygen species are generated in Caspase-9 Colorimetric Assay Kit by the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane (Murphy, 2009, Jensen, 1966, Dickinson and Chang, 2011). Interestingly, although most cancer cells are t
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Heart failure affects approximately million people
2022-01-14

Heart failure affects approximately 6.5 million people over 20 years of age in the United States, with its prevalence estimated to increase about 45% by 2030 to almost 8 million . It is a chronic disease with complex etiology and heterogeneity in its pathological manifestations. Major risk factors f
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2022-01-14

Materials and methods Results Discussion Defective regulation and inappropriate activation of the HH signaling pathway is implicated in many cancers. SMO targeting inhibitors were the first to enter clinical trials, however complications with acquired resistance and toxicity, also exemplifi
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Recently multiple receptor agonists have been developed to t
2022-01-14

Recently, multiple receptor agonists have been developed to treat type II diabetes (Finan et al., 2013, Finan et al., 2015). We have tested novel dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists that showed good neuroprotective effects that are superior to single GLP-1 analogues (Cao et al., 2016, Jalewa et al., 20
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To understand the impact of alterations in brain zinc homeos
2022-01-13

To understand the impact of alterations in d mannitol zinc homeostasis, the role of Zn2+ as a neurotransmitter has to be appreciated. Certain regions of the brain including the neocortex and hippocampus harbour so-called “zincergic” (or “gluzinergic”) neurons, where Zn2+ is co-released with glutamat
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br Introduction GPR also known as
2022-01-13

Introduction GPR40 (also known as free fatty Dequalinium Chloride australia receptor 1), a member of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family, is expressed in pancreatic beta cells, intestine and the central nervous system (Bekinschtein et al., 2008; Itoh et al., 2003). It is activated by med
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Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism an
2022-01-13

Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism and have also been considered as hepatomitogens. Recently, Yap has been shown to be activated by the mevalonate pathway, which is essential for the biosynthesis of isoprenoids and downstream cholesterol and bile acids (Sorrentino et al., 2014
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